Nkuko umuntu wese wigeze kugorora umusatsi abizi, amazi ni umwanzi.Umusatsi ugororotse cyane nubushyuhe bizasubira inyuma mubitotsi umunota ukoraho amazi.Kubera iki?Kuberako umusatsi ufite imiterere yibuka.Ibikoresho byayo byemerera guhindura imiterere isubiza ibitera imbaraga hanyuma igasubira muburyo bwayo bwambere isubiza abandi.
Byagenda bite niba ibindi bikoresho, cyane cyane imyenda, byari bifite ubu buryo bwo kwibuka?Tekereza t-shati ifite umuyaga ukonje wafunguye iyo uhuye nubushuhe kandi ugafunga mugihe cyumye, cyangwa imyenda imwe-ihuza imyenda yose irambuye cyangwa igabanuka kubipimo byumuntu.
Ubu, abashakashatsi bo muri Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science (SEAS) bakoze ibikoresho biocompatibilité ishobora gucapwa 3D muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose hanyuma ikabanza gutegurwa hamwe nububiko bwimiterere ihindagurika.Ibikoresho bikozwe hifashishijwe keratin, proteine fibrous iboneka mumisatsi, imisumari n'ibishishwa.Abashakashatsi bakuye keratin mu bwoya bwa Agora busigaye bukoreshwa mu gukora imyenda.
Ubushakashatsi bushobora gufasha imbaraga nini zo kugabanya imyanda mu nganda zerekana imideli, imwe mu myanda ihumanya isi.Bimaze gukorwa, abashushanya nka Stella McCarthy barimo gutekereza uburyo inganda zikoresha ibikoresho, harimo ubwoya.
Kit Parker, umwarimu wa Tarr Family of Bioengineering and Applied Physics muri SEAS akaba n'umukuru yagize ati: "Hamwe n'uyu mushinga, twerekanye ko tudashobora gutunganya ubwoya gusa ahubwo ko dushobora no kubaka ibintu bivuye mu bwoya butunganijwe butigeze butekerezwa mbere." umwanditsi w'urupapuro.Ati: “Ingaruka zo kuramba k'umutungo kamere ziragaragara.Hamwe na poroteyine ya keratine itunganijwe neza, dushobora gukora byinshi, cyangwa byinshi, kuruta ibyakozwe mu kogosha inyamaswa kugeza ubu, kandi mu kubikora, bigabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije ku nganda z’imyenda n’imyambarire. ”
Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mubikoresho bya Kamere.
Luca Cera, umunyeshuri w’iposita muri SEAS akaba n'umwanditsi wa mbere w'uru rupapuro, yatangaje ko urufunguzo rw'ubushobozi bwa keratin bwo guhindura imiterere ari imiterere yarwo.
Urunigi rumwe rwa keratin rutunganijwe muburyo busa n'amasoko azwi nka alpha-helix.Babiri muriyi minyururu ihinduranya kugirango ikore imiterere izwi nka coil coile.Byinshi muribi bishishwa bikusanyirijwe hamwe muri protofilaments hanyuma amaherezo ya fibre nini.
Cera yagize ati: "Imitunganyirize ya alpha helix hamwe n’imiti ihuza imiti biha ibikoresho imbaraga ndetse no kwibuka."
Iyo fibre irambuye cyangwa ihuye nikintu runaka gikangura, imiterere-yimvura imeze nkimyenda idahwitse, kandi imigozi ihinduka kugirango igire beta-shitingi ihamye.Fibre iguma muri iyo myanya kugeza igihe itangiriye gukonjesha mu buryo bwambere.
Kugirango berekane ubu buryo, abashakashatsi 3D-yacapishijwe impapuro za keratin muburyo butandukanye.Bateguye imiterere ihoraho yibikoresho - imiterere izahora igaruka iyo ikozwe - bakoresheje igisubizo cya hydrogen peroxide na fosifate ya monosodium.
Iyo kwibuka bimaze gushyirwaho, urupapuro rushobora kongera gutegurwa no kubumbwa muburyo bushya.
Kurugero, urupapuro rumwe rwa keratin rwazingiwemo inyenyeri ya origami igoye nkimiterere yayo ihoraho.Urwibutso rumaze gushyirwaho, abashakashatsi bajugunye inyenyeri mu mazi, aho yafunguye ikagenda neza.Kuva aho, bazunguye urupapuro mu muyoboro ukomeye.Urupapuro rumaze gukama, urupapuro rwarafunzwe nkumuyoboro wuzuye kandi ukora.Kugirango bahindure inzira, basubiza umuyoboro mumazi, aho idafunguye hanyuma ikazunguruka mu nyenyeri ya origami.
Cera yagize ati: "Ubu buryo bw'intambwe ebyiri zo gucapa 3D hanyuma ugashyiraho imiterere ihoraho bituma habaho guhimba imiterere igoye rwose ifite imiterere kugeza kurwego rwa micron".Ati: “Ibi bituma ibikoresho bikenerwa mu buryo butandukanye uhereye ku myenda kugeza ku buhanga bwa tissue.”
Parker yagize ati: "Waba ukoresha fibre nkiyi kugirango ukore brassieres ubunini bwikigero cyayo nigishusho gishobora gutegurwa buri munsi, cyangwa ukaba ugerageza gukora imyenda ikora imiti ivura ubuvuzi, amahirwe yo gukora kwa Luca aragutse kandi arashimishije".Ati: "Turakomeza gutekereza ku myenda dukoresha molekile ya biologiya nk'imiterere y'ubwubatsi nk'utigeze ikoreshwa mbere."
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-21-2020